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Writing a big band chart can seem daunting for beginners, but with a clear step-by-step process, you can create a professional arrangement. This guide will walk you through the essential steps to craft your own big band chart.
Understanding the Basics of a Big Band Chart
A big band chart typically includes sections for saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and rhythm instruments like piano, bass, and drums. It combines melody, harmony, and rhythm to create a full, dynamic sound. Before starting, familiarize yourself with the typical structure and instrumentation of a big band.
Step 1: Choose a Song or Compose an Original Melody
Decide whether you will arrange an existing song or compose an original melody. For beginners, selecting a simple, familiar tune can make the process easier. Write or select a melody that has a clear structure, such as AABA or verse-chorus form.
Step 2: Create the Basic Chord Progression
Identify the chords that accompany your melody. Use a lead sheet or chord symbols to outline the harmonic foundation. Keep the progression simple initially, then add complexity as you gain confidence.
Step 3: Arrange the Horn Sections
Distribute the melody and harmony among the saxophones, trumpets, and trombones. Typically, the melody is played by the lead trumpet or saxophone, while the other horns provide harmonies and counter-melodies. Write parts that complement each other and create a balanced sound.
Step 4: Write the Rhythm Section Parts
The rhythm section — piano, bass, drums, and sometimes guitar — provides the foundation. Write a bass line that supports the harmony, a piano part that outlines chords, and drum patterns that drive the rhythm. Keep these parts simple and supportive of the overall arrangement.
Step 5: Add Dynamics and Articulations
Indicate dynamics (loudness and softness) and articulations (such as staccato, legato, accents) to give your chart expression. These markings help performers interpret the music with emotion and style.
Step 6: Review and Edit Your Arrangement
Play through your arrangement or have others perform it. Listen for balance, clarity, and musical interest. Make adjustments as needed to improve flow and cohesion. Don’t be afraid to simplify or elaborate depending on your skill level.
Conclusion
Writing a big band chart is a rewarding process that combines creativity and technical skill. By following these steps—selecting a song, creating harmonies, arranging for horns, and adding rhythm—you can develop your own arrangements that swing and inspire. Keep practicing, and over time, your charts will become more sophisticated and expressive.